Collectivism Types & Definitions

 

NAME: Collectivism

NATURE 

Collectivist theories and systems emphasize the priority of the community over the individual. Collectivism may involve dictatorship, nationalization and strict government control over a wide range of matters. Collectivism may also encourage militarism if there is resistance to it or deviation from it.

Collectivism, any of several types of social organization in which the individual is seen as being subordinate to a social collectivity such as a state, a nation, a race, or a social class. Collectivism may be contrasted with individualism (q.v.), in which the rights and interests of the individual are emphasized.

The four main kinds of collectivism are:

Social Democracy 

A political ideology that originally advocated a peaceful evolutionary transition of society from capitalism to socialism using established political processes...social democracy shares common ideological roots with communism ... originally known as revisionism because it represented a change in basic Marxist doctrine.

Socialism 

social and economic doctrine that calls for public rather than private ownership or control of property and natural resources

Communism

 A political and economic doctrine that aims to replace private property and a profit-based economy with public ownership and communal control of at least the major means of production (e.g., mines, mills, and factories) and the natural resources of a society. Communism is thus a form of socialism

Fascism

Although fascist parties and movements differed significantly from one another, they had many characteristics in common, including extreme militaristic nationalism, contempt for electoral democracy and political and cultural liberalism, a belief in the natural social hierarchy and the rule of elites, and the desire to create a Volksgemeinschaft or Völker Kollektiv (German: “people’s community” or collective), in which individual interests would be subordinated to the good of the nation.